Ukwakira 18, 2022 7:49 AM
UMUKOZI, VIRGINIYA -
Ninde wavuze ko nta gishya kiri munsi yizuba?
Kimwe mu bintu bishyushye bishyushye ku mashanyarazi adahumanya ni amashanyarazi areremba, cyangwa FPV, ikubiyemo imirasire y'izuba mu mibiri y'amazi, cyane cyane ibiyaga, ibigega n'inyanja.Imishinga imwe yo muri Aziya ikubiyemo ibihumbi n'ibihumbi kugirango itange megawatt amagana.
FPV yabonye intangiriro muri Aziya no muburayi aho byumvikana mubukungu hamwe nubutaka bweruye buhabwa agaciro cyane mubuhinzi.
Sisitemu ya mbere yoroheje yashyizwe mu Buyapani no muri divayi ya Californiya muri 2007 na 2008.
Ku butaka, umushinga wa megawatt umwe urasaba hagati ya hegitari imwe na 1.6.
Imishinga y'izuba ireremba irashimishije cyane iyo ishobora kubakwa kumubiri wamazi yegeranye ningomero zamashanyarazi zifite imirongo ihari.
Benshi mu mishinga minini nkiyi ni mubushinwa n'Ubuhinde.Hariho kandi ibikoresho binini muri Berezile, Porutugali na Singapore.
Hashyizweho ingufu za gigawatt 2.1 zireremba hejuru y’amazi ku nkombe y’inyanja y’umuhondo muri Koreya yepfo, izaba irimo imirasire y’izuba miliyoni eshanu ku buso bungana na kilometero kare 30 hamwe n’igiciro cya miliyari 4 z’amadolari, ihura n’ejo hazaza hatazwi hamwe na guverinoma nshya i Seoul.Perezida Yoon Suk-yeol yerekanye ko ahitamo kongera ingufu za kirimbuzi hejuru y'izuba.
Indi mishinga minini ya gigawatt iva ku gishushanyo cyo mu Buhinde na Laos, ndetse no ku nyanja y'Amajyaruguru, ku nkombe z'Ubuholandi.
Ikoranabuhanga ryashimishije kandi abategura gahunda yo muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara n’igipimo gito cyo kubona amashanyarazi ku isi ndetse n’izuba ryinshi.
Mu bihugu biterwa n’amashanyarazi menshi, “hari impungenge zijyanye no kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi mu gihe cy’amapfa, urugero, hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, turateganya ko tuzabona ibihe by’ikirere bikabije.Iyo dutekereje ku ruzuba, hari amahirwe yo kugira FPV nk'ubundi buryo bwo kongera ingufu mu gitabo cyawe ”, nk'uko Sika Gadzanku, umushakashatsi muri Minisiteri ishinzwe ingufu muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika muri Laboratwari y’ingufu zisubirwamo muri Colorado.Ati: "Aho kugirango rero ushingire cyane kuri hydro, ubu urashobora gukoresha FPV nyinshi kandi ukagabanya kwishingikiriza kuri hydro, mugihe cyizuba cyinshi, kugirango ukoreshe amashanyarazi yizuba areremba."
Ikigereranyo kimwe ku ijana cy’ibigega by’amashanyarazi hamwe n’izuba rireremba bishobora gutanga ubwiyongere bwa 50 ku ijana by’umusaruro ngarukamwaka w’ibikorwa by’amashanyarazi biriho muri Afurika, nk'ukoubushakashatsi bwatewe inkunga na komisiyo y’Uburayi.
FILE - Imirasire y'izuba yashyizwe ku ruganda rureremba hejuru y’ikiyaga kiri mu kiyaga cya Haltern, mu Budage, ku ya 1 Mata 2022.
Inzitizi
Hariho ingaruka zishobora kubaho floatovoltaque, ariko.Uruganda rwafashwe n'inkongi y'umuriro muri perefegitura ya Chiba mu Buyapani mu mwaka wa 2019. Abayobozi bashinje inkubi y'umuyaga kuba yarahinduye imbaho imwe hejuru y’izindi, bikabyara ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bikaba bishoboka ko byateje umuriro mu kigo cya hegitari 18 kirimo imirasire y'izuba irenga 50.000 ireremba ku rugomero rwa Yamakura.
Inzitizi ikomeye cyane muburyo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryagutse, kuri ubu, ni igiciro.Birahenze kubaka umurongo ureremba kuruta uko usa nubutaka bunini.Ariko hamwe nigiciro kinini hari inyungu zinyongera: Bitewe no gukonjesha kwimibiri yamazi, panne ireremba irashobora gukora neza kuruta imirasire yizuba isanzwe.Bigabanya kandi urumuri kandi bikagabanya ubushyuhe bwamazi, bikagabanya imikurire yangiza ya algae.
Ibyo byose byasaga naho byizeza abayobozi mu mujyi wa Windsor mu majyaruguru ya Californiya mu gihugu cya divayi.Imirasire y'izuba igera ku 5.000, imwe itanga ingufu za watt 360, ubu ireremba kuri kimwe mu byuzi by’amazi ya Windsor.
“Bose bahujwe.Buri kibaho kibona ikireremba cyacyo.Kandi mubyukuri bagenda neza hamwe nibikorwa byumuyaga hamwe nigikorwa cyumuyaga, ”.Uzatangazwa n'ukuntu bashobora kumera imiraba gusa bakayirukana nta kumena cyangwa gutandukana ”, ibi bikaba byavuzwe na Garrett Broughton, injeniyeri mukuru ushinzwe ubwubatsi mu ishami rishinzwe imirimo rusange ya Windsor.
Ikibaho kireremba cyoroshye kubidukikije hamwe ningengo yimari ya Windsor, aho fagitire y’amashanyarazi y’amazi y’amazi ari yo guverinoma nini y’umujyi
Umwe mu bagize Inama Njyanama y’Umujyi, Debora Fudge, yasunikiraga umushinga wa megawatt 1,78 hejuru y’ubundi buryo bwo gushyira imirasire y'izuba hejuru ya karitsiye.
“Basiba toni 350 metrici ya karuboni ya dioxyde buri mwaka.Kandi batanga 90 ku ijana byingufu dukeneye mubikorwa byose byo gutunganya amazi mabi, kubikorwa byose byikigo cyikigo cyacu ndetse no kuvoma amazi yanduye kuri geyers, akaba ari umurima wa geothermal, nko mu bilometero 40 ( Ibirometero 64) mu majyaruguru, ”Fudge yabwiye VOA.
Umujyi ukodesha imbaho zireremba muri sosiyete yabashizeho, ikabaha igiciro cyagenwe cyamashanyarazi kumasezerano maremare, bivuze ko Windsor yishyura hafi 30% yibyo yakoresheje mbere yingufu zingana.
Ati: "Ntabwo ari nkaho twashora imari mubintu tutazabona inyungu.Turimo kubona inyungu nkuko tuvuga.Kandi tuzabona inyungu mu myaka 25, ”ibi bikaba byavuzwe n'umuyobozi wa Windsor, Sam Salmon.
Sisitemu ireremba ntabwo igenewe gupfukirana neza amazi, bigatuma ibindi bikorwa bikomeza, nkubwato nuburobyi.
Gadzanku wa NREL yatangarije Ijwi rya Amerika ati: "Ntabwo dukeka ko imiterere ireremba izarengera umubiri wose w'amazi, akenshi ni ijanisha rito cyane ry'uwo mubiri w'amazi."Ati: “Ndetse urebye gusa ntushaka kubona wenda panne ya PV itwikiriye ikigega cyose.”
NREL yerekanye ko amazi 24.419 yakozwe n'abantu muri Amerika akwiriye gushyirwaho FPV.Ikibaho kireremba hejuru ya kimwe cya kane ubuso bwa buri mbuga zishobora kubyara hafi 10 ku ijana by'ingufu za Amerika zikenewe,ukurikije laboratoire.
Muri ibyo bibanza harimo hegitari 119 Lake Lake, ikigega cyakozwe n'abantu gicungwa na Stafford County muri Virginie kugirango gitange amazi yo kunywa.Ni urubuga rwo kuroba mu myidagaduro yegeranye n’ikigo cya Quantico cyo muri Amerika.
Abanditsi b'ubwo bushakashatsi banditse bati: “Amenshi muri ayo mazi yujuje ibisabwa ari mu turere twibasiwe n'amazi hamwe n'amafaranga menshi yo kubona ubutaka ndetse n'ibiciro by'amashanyarazi menshi, ibyo bikaba byerekana inyungu nyinshi z'ikoranabuhanga rya FP.”
Gadzanku yagize ati: "Mu byukuri ni amahitamo afite ikoranabuhanga ryagaragaye inyuma."
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-20-2022