Imirasire y'izubamubisanzwe bimara imyaka irenga 25.Gukoresha instinzi izwi no gukora ibanze ni ngombwa.
Ntabwo byari kera cyane ko guha ingufu ingo zacu ingufu zizuba byasaga nkibihimbano bya siyanse.Ndetse no mu myaka icumi ishize, byari ibintu bidasanzwe kubona igisenge gitwikiriye imbaho ahantu hatuwe.Ariko kubera iterambere ryihuse mu ikoranabuhanga no kugabanuka kw'ibiciro, iyo paradigima yarahindutse.
Imirasire y'izuba ituye irashobora kugura amadolari 20.000 cyangwa arenga nyuma yinguzanyo yimisoro yagutse.Ibyo bivuze ko guhitamo guhindura ingufu zisukuye bitigeze bigerwaho cyane.
Chris Deline, injeniyeri w’ubushakashatsi muri Laboratwari y’igihugu ishinzwe ingufu, yabwiye CNET ati: "Kuva natangira kugaruka mu 2008, igiciro cyagabanutse ku kintu nka 90%."
Ariko imirasire y'izuba iracyari ishoramari rihenze, kandi urashaka kumenya neza ko ishoramari rizakomeza gutanga umusaruro kuva ubu.
Noneho igihe kingana iki ababyakira bashobora kwitegaimirasire y'izubakuramba, kandi nigute bashobora kwemeza igihe ntarengwa cyo gushora imari yabo?Urutonde rwibintu ugomba gusuzuma ntabwo ari birebire.
Imirasire y'izuba imara igihe kingana iki?
Hamwe n'amadorari 20.000 cyangwa arenga yo kwishyiriraho, uzashaka ko imirasire y'izuba imara igihe kirenze imyaka mike.Amakuru meza nuko bagomba.
Deline avuga ko imirasire y'izuba yagenewe imyaka mirongo, kandi abayishyiraho bazwi bagomba gutanga garanti yimyaka 25 cyangwa irenga.
Ati: "Muri sisitemu yose, birashoboka ko bimwe mu bintu biramba kandi bimaze igihe kirekire ari imirasire y'izuba ubwayo".Ati: “Bakunze kuza bafite garanti yimyaka 25.Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho bagizwe - aluminium nikirahure, cyane cyane - birashobora kumara igihe kirekire bihagije, rimwe na rimwe imyaka 30, 40 cyangwa 50. ”
Akenshi, iyo kunanirwa bibaye, bibaho mubice bigize amashanyarazi.Deline yavuze ko mu bihe byinshi, ibibazo nk'ikibazo kijyanye na power-inverter ya sisitemu, ihindura ingufu za DC ku mbaraga za AC, zishobora gusimburwa gusa nta nubwo zigeze hejuru yazo ubwazo.Mubindi bihe, ibice bigize ibice bya elegitoroniki birashobora gukosorwa cyangwa gusimburwa, byemerera akanama kumyaka yashize mugihe kizaza.
Ni iki kigira ingaruka aimirasire y'izuba?
Imirasire y'izuba ntabwo isanzwe yoroshye cyane, kubwibyo ntakintu kinini gishobora kugira ingaruka mubuzima bwabo.
Deline yavuze ko ibintu bigize imirasire y'izuba bigenda byangirika buhoro, bivuze ko bizakomeza gukora neza mubuzima bwabo.Hagati yo kwambara no kurira bisanzwe bigize amashanyarazi hamwe na micro-crack ikura hejuru yikibaho, yavuze ko ubusanzwe abahanga bavuga ko iyangirika rya kimwe cya kabiri cyijana ku mwaka.Ibyo bivuze ko niba akanama kicaye hejuru yinzu hejuru yimyaka 20 mubihe bisanzwe, birashobora gutegerejwe gukora kuri 90% yubushobozi bwacyo bwambere.
Birumvikana ko ibiza bishobora kuganisha ku iherezo ryizuba ryizuba.Ibintu nkumurabyo, inkubi y'umuyaga cyangwa umuyaga urashobora gutera ibyangiritse ikibaho kirekire cyane kidashobora kwihanganira.Ariko no muri ibyo bihe, panne nyinshi zirashobora kwihangana.Bakenera inzira ndende yo kwipimisha mbere yo kugurishwa, harimo guturika urubura rugera kuri santimetero 1.5 z'umurambararo, guhinduranya hagati yubushyuhe bwo hejuru nubushyuhe buke no guteka mubushuhe nubushuhe bwamasaha 2000.
Ni izihe mirasire y'izuba imara igihe kirekire?
Muri iki gihe inganda zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, nta mwanya munini wo gutandukanya ubwoko butandukanye bw'izuba, byoroshya amahitamo yawe.
Deline yagize ati: "Sinatinda kuvuga ko itsinda rimwe rigiye kubaho igihe kirekire kurusha izindi."“Ikibaho kirasa neza.Itandukaniro ni igenzura ryiza ry’uruganda kandi niba rufite imikorere myiza ya chimie n’ikoranabuhanga mu nganda. ”
Ibyo bituma ari ngombwa kwemeza ko urimo kubona sisitemu yawe nisoko izwi.Ubwiyongere bw’imishinga ikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, hamwe na gahunda yo gukodesha izuba, gutanga inguzanyo zituruka ku mirasire y’izuba no kugabanyirizwa izuba, byuzuye ku isoko imyambaro idahwitse.Deline arasaba abaguzi bashimishijwe gukora ubushakashatsi bwabo, kubona amagambo make kandi wirinde amasezerano yumvikana neza cyane kuba impamo.
Nkwiye gusimbuza igisenge cyanjye mbere yo kubonaimirasire y'izuba?
Urashobora kwibaza niba ukeneye kugira igisenge cyihariye mbere yo gushiraho imirasire y'izuba.Amakuru meza nuko muri 2023, kwishyiriraho imirasire y'izuba bisaba bike cyane hejuru yinzu.
Deline yavuze ko keretse ufite igisenge cyagenewe ubwiza aho kwikorera imitwaro, cyangwa niba igishushanyo cyinzu yawe bivuze ko kidashobora kwihanganira uburemere buke, inzu isanzwe ituwe igomba kuba nziza mugushiraho imirasire y'izuba.Gushyira hamwe nabyo bizagenzura imiterere yinzu yawe kugirango umenye neza ko bizaramba.
Ati: "Muri rusange, uwashizeho agomba kuba abishoboye kubireba gusa".“Ariko niba igisenge cyawe gisenyutse rwose, ntibishobora kuba byiza.”
Nigute ushobora gukora imirasire yizuba yawe igihe kirekire
Nigute bishobokaizubaababyakira bemeza ko panel zabo zimara inzira yose binyuze muri garanti yimyaka 25 na nyuma yayo?Hano hari inzira nkeya zo gukoresha igihe kinini cyizuba ryizuba, nkuko Deline abivuga.
Koresha urwego wizeye
Kuberako iyi panne izaguma hejuru yurugo rwawe imyaka irenga makumyabiri, menya neza ko ukora neza mugihe ukora ubushakashatsi bwawe ninde ushyiraho sisitemu.Deline yavuze ko gushakisha icyamamare ari "kure na kure" intambwe yingenzi mubikorwa, kandi amakosa imbere arashobora gutera umutwe munini kumurongo.
Witondere imikoreshereze yawe
Birashoboka nkaho bigaragara, ariko Deline araburira ko abafite aizubaugomba kumenya neza gukurikirana umubare winjiza.Ibyo biterwa nuko sisitemu akenshi iba ifite uburyo bwo gufunga ibintu, bishobora gukandagirwa kuburyo butangaje, kabone niyo byabahanga.Niba kandi uzimye sisitemu yawe utabizi, urashobora guta iminsi cyangwa ibyumweru byigihe.
Ati: "Mfite abana, kandi dufite ikiganza kinini gitukura."“Umunsi umwe natashye mu rugo birahagarara, nsanga ukwezi gushize, umwana wanjye yari yarangaye hanze kandi yakubise icyuma.Niba udashyizeho ibisobanuro kuri yo, birashobora guhagarara igihe kirekire. ”
Komeza isuku yawe
Agace gato k'umwanda na grime ntibishobora gutuma panne yawe idafite akamaro, ariko biracyari byiza kubigira isuku.Deline yavuze ko uduce dutandukanye tw’igihugu tuganisha ku buryo butandukanye bwo kwiyubaka, kuva ku mwanda n'ubutaka kugeza ku rubura.Hamwe no kwiyubaka cyane, ntabwo bazakora neza.Ariko inkuru nziza nuko byoroshye nko gusukura panne hamwe na sima yo gusunika.Gusa wemeze kutabimenagura.
Ati: "Ntushobora kubagenderaho, ariko ubundi barashobora kwihangana."Urashobora no kubirukana. ”
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-28-2023